ಪುಂಸವನ - ಆಯುರ್ವೇದದ ವಿಶ್ಲೇಷಣೆ

ಪುಂಸವನ ಸಂಸ್ಕಾರದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಡೆದಿರುವ ವಿಚಾರ ವಿನಿಮಯಕ್ಕೆ ಪೂರಕವಾಗಿ ಆಯುರ್ವೇದ ಇದರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಏನು ಹೇಳಿದೆಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ಮುಂದೆ ಮಂಡಿಸಿದೆ.

ಪುಂಸವನಂ ಇತಿ ಪುಂಸತ್ವಕಾರಕಂ ಕರ್ಮ || (ಚರಕ ಸಂಹಿತೆ: ಶಾರೀರ ಸ್ಥಾನ 8/19)

ಪುಂಸತ್ವವನ್ನು ಉಂಟು ಮಾಡುವ ಕರ್ಮಕ್ಕೆ ಪುಂಸವನ ಎಂದು ಹೆಸರು. ಶಬ್ದಕಲ್ಪದ್ರುಮ ಎಂಬ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತ ಶಬ್ದಕೋಶದಲ್ಲಿಪುಂಸವನ' ಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ಹೀಗೆ ವಿಶ್ಲೇಷಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ:
"ಪುಂಮಾಂಸಮಿವ ಸೂತೆ ಬಲಪ್ರದಾನೇನ ಪುರುಷವತ್ ಜನಯಜತ್ಯನ ಇತಿ'
ವಿಮರ್ಶೆ: ಬಲ ಎಂಬುದು ಪುರುಷನ ಸ್ವಾಭಾವಿಕ ಗುಣಲಕ್ಷಣ (inherent quality). ಪುಂಸತ್ವ ಎಂದರೆ ಅದು ಗಂಡುತನ (ನೇರಅರ್ಥ).
The procedure to be adopted for achieving progeny of desired sex is known as 'pumsavana karma'. The classics have described its appropriate period alongwith the methods.

If the methods prescribed in vedas for achieving male or female progeny are used before the conspicuousness (vyaktibhava) of organs the change of sex is possible. If the 'pumsavana karma' is done keeping in mind the living place ('desa') and specific period ('kala') the result is definite. Otherwise it is just reverse (if due consideration to 'desa' and 'kala' is not given then the sex may change), 'pumsavana karma' should be done after conception but before conspicuousness of organs or upto two months.

Susruta has advocated that it should be done just after achievement of conception (labdhagarbha). Dalhana has explained that this process is done with three objectives: (1) before conception use of inhalation of drugs etc., followed by coitus is for achievement of conception. (2) immediately following conception is for its proper implantation and (3) before three months for change of sex for having male progeny.

Vagbhata I corroborating the period given by Charaka says further that it should be done only during pusya nakshatra. Citing the opinion of others, he says that some advise the duration of 'pumsavanakarma' for twelve days, others during even days of these twelve days, while some advise its daily use. Indu has given four opinions: (1) only on first day (2) on even days (3) daily (4) every even day of twelve days period. Further he says that success depends upon the favour of luck.

Vagbhata II agreeing with the period i.e., before conspicuousness of body parts says that potent 'pumsavanakarma' can alter the luck. Arunadatta has explained that as a potent 'pumsavana karma' can alter the luck, similarly potent luck can make the 'karma' unsuccessful, thus the success of 'pumsavanakarma' depends upon relative strength of luck.

Comments: An ovum is fertilized by the sperm sex chromosome, naturally after fertilization the chances of reversal of sex by any procedure does not seem to be possible. The time limit of twelve days given by Vagbhata I probably refers to 'rtukala'. Dalhana has mentioned the period of use of drugs before coitus in unequivocal words. The description before conspicuousness of body parts can be considered as before conspicuousness of 'garbha' i.e., before fertilization of ovum by sperms. It is hypothetically possible that specific procedure done before fertilization may produce some such changes in female body specially in ovum, that it attracts or permits its penetration by specific sex chromosome bearing sperms only.

Methods of 'Pumsavana Karma'):

"ಲಬ್ಧ ಗರ್ಭಾಯಾಶ್ಚೈತೇಷು ಅಹ:ಸು ಲಕ್ಷ್ಮಣಾವಟ ಶೃಂಗಸಹದೇವಾ ವಿಶ್ವದೇವಾನಾಂ ಅನ್ಯತಮಾಂ ಕ್ಷೀರೇಣಾಭಿಷುತ್ಯ: ತ್ರೀಂಶ್ಚತುರೋ ವಾ ಬಂದೂನ್ ದದ್ಯಾತ್ ದಕ್ಷಿಣೆ ನಾಸಾಪುಟೆ ಪುತ್ರಕಾಮಾಯೈ (ವಾಮೆ ದುಹಿತೃಕಾಮಾಯೈ) ನ ಚತಾನ್ನಷ್ಠೀವೇತ್ || [ಸುಶ್ರುತ ಸಂಹಿತೆ - ಶಾರೀರ}
(ಕೆಳಗೆ ಕೊಟ್ಟಿರುವ ಔಷಧಿಗಳನ್ನು ಹಾಲಿನೊಂದಿಗೆ ಅರೆದು, 3-4 ಬಿಂದುಗಳನ್ನು ಬಲಮೂಗಿಗೆ (ಗಂಡು ಮಗು ಬಯಸುವವರು) ಅಥವಾ ಎಡಮೂಗಿಗೆ (ಹೆಣ್ಣು ಮಗು ಬಯಸುವವರು) ಹಾಕಿಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು. ಆ ಔಷಧವನ್ನು ಉಗುಳಬಾರದು)

1) Two intact healthy leaf-buds ('sunga') plucked from two eastern or northern branches of a banyan tree grown in a cowshed, alongwith two perfect (possessing good 'rasa', 'virya' etc.,)seeds of 'dhanya masa' (a kind of kindney bean)a and 'gaura sarsapa (hellow mustard) should be taken with curd during pusya nakshatra.
2) Similarly, the paste of 'jivaka', 'rsabhaka, 'apamarga' and 'sahacara' etc., (plants grown in a cowshed) collectively, individually or few of them should be taken (during pusya nakshatra) after treating (cooking or mixing) these with milk.
3)'Kudyakita'(an insect making abode with wet soil to seal other small insects and laying its eggs) and fish mixed with one 'anjali'(handful) of water should be taken during 'pusya nakshatra'.
4) An anupramana (very small) red hot man-shaped structure made with gold, silver or iron, should be dipped in handful of curd, milk or water and total quantity should be taken during pushya nakshatra.
5) The woman should inhale the steam of 'sali pisti' (dough of rice or pestled rice) being cooked during pusya nakshatra. The same dough should be squeezed and the juice collected in swab. The pregnant woman keeping the head on a doorsill should instill herself few drops from this swab in her right nostril.
6)Other measures suggested by brahmanas, senior persons and ladies should be followed.
7) The drug 'laksmana', 'vatasunga (leafbuds), 'sahadeva' 'viswadeva' etc., should be pestled with cow milk, and 3-4 drops of expressed juice should be instilled in right nostril by the woman desirous of a son; she should not spit.
8) Observing flowers and fruits on the 'laksamana' plant during 'sarada rtu (early winter season), it should be uprooted during pusyayoga of saturday's evening with enchantation of 'mantras'. On some other day, after sunset during 'hastamula' or pusya nakshatra, the 'khadirakilaka' (roots of khadira) should be dug enchanting 'mantra' in 1/4 quantity of 'lakshamana'. Both these should be pestled with milk of cow having calf of similar colour, and a few drops of it should be instilled in right nostril.
9) The woman desirous of a son or daughter should instil herself in right or left nostril respectively, the juice expressed from pestled root of 'swetabrahati' uprooted during pusya nakshatra. Similarly, leaves of 'utpala' and 'kumuda', root of
'lakshamana' and eight 'vatasunga' should be used.
10)The woman wearing while garland and garments should take pestled root of 'lakshmana' uprooted during pusya nakshatra, in the quantity identical to fruit of 'udumbara', with cow milk for getting a male child. Similarly, 'gauradanda apamarga', 'jiwaka', 'rsabhaka', 'sankhapuspi', 'adhyanda' or 'kapikacchu', 'sahacara', 'nagnajiwa', agnijihwa' and eight leaf-buds of 'vata' should be used individually or two or three together.
11)The root of 'lakshmana' pestled with cow milk should be taken orally or through nostril for achievement of son, similarly leaf-buds of 'vata' should also be used.
12)The drugs of 'jiwaniya' group should be used externally or orally.
13)One leaf of 'palasa' should be taken orally with milk.
14)The woman using root of 'sukarasimbi' or pulp of 'dadhiphala' (kapittha fruit) or seeds of 'iswaralingi' pestled with milk never delivers a girl but always a boy.
15)Oral use of root of 'putramanjari' and 'visnukranta' and seeds of 'iswaralingi' for eight days during pregnancy never results in birth of a girl or always a son is born.
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ನನ್ನ ಅನಿಸಿಕೆಗಳು: 1) ಮೂಲತ: ಈ ಸಂಸ್ಕಾರದ ಉದ್ದೇಶ ಬಲಯುತವಾದ ಮತ್ತು ಆರೋತ್ಯವಂತವಾದ ಸಂತಾನ (ಗಂಡುಅಥವಾ ಹೆಣ್ಣು)ವನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಲು.
2) ಆಯುರ್ವೇದದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ನಿರ್ದಿಷ್ಟ ಸಂತಾನವನ್ನು (ಗಂಡು ಅಥವಾ ಹೆಣ್ಣು) ಪಡೆಯಲು ಸೂಕ್ತವಾದ ಔಷಧಿ ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ರಮಗಳಿವೆ.
3) ಬಹುಶ: ಈ ಕ್ರಮದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಪ್ರಯೋಗಗಳು ಅಥವಾ ನಿರ್ದಿಷ್ಟ ಪ್ರಮಾಣಗಳ ಅಲಭ್ಯತೆಯಿಂದ ಇದನ್ನು ಪ್ರಮಾಣೀಕರಿಸುವಅವಕಾಶಗಳು ಕಡಿಮೆ.
4) ನಾವು ಅದನ್ನು ವಿಧಿವತ್ತಾಗಿ ಪಾಲಿಸದೇ (ಈಗಿನ ಸನ್ನಿವೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ಮೇಲೆ ವಿವರಿಸಿದಂತೆ ಔಷಧಿಗಳನ್ನು ಬೆಳೆದು ಬಳಸುವುದುಬಹು ಮಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ಅಸಾಧ್ಯವೇ!) ಅದು ಹಾಗಾಗಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲವೆಂದು ಅಭಿಪ್ರಾಯ ಪಡುವುದು ಸರಿಯಾಗಲಾರದೆನಿಸುತ್ತದೆ.
5) ಮೊದಲೇ ನಾನು ಹೇಳಿದಂತೆ, ಕೊನೆಯದಾಗಿ ಮತ್ತು ಎಲ್ಲಕ್ಕಿಂತ ಪ್ರಾಮುಖ್ಯವಾಗಿ ನಮ್ಮ 'ಗ್ರಹಚಾರ' ದ ರೇಖೆಗಳೂಸರಿಯಿರಬೇಕಷ್ಟೆ!

' ಈ ವಿಷಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಾನೂ ಸ್ವಲ್ಪ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿ ಹೊಂದಲು ಅವಕಾಶ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಟ್ಟ ಶ್ರೀ ವಿಶಾಲ್ ರವರಿಗೂ ಮತ್ತು ಚರ್ಚೆಯಲ್ಲಿಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡ ಎಲ್ಲರಿಗೂ ಧನ್ಯವಾದಗಳು .